Concept Maps
Not "where did I see this?" but "I just learned X — what surrounds X?" Each map links a point to its prerequisites, the grammar it contrasts with, companion expressions, and what to study next.
Pronouns
Tenses & moods
Conditionnel passé
"Would have done." The result-half of a past regret, and the tense that lets you talk about the path not taken. It closes the si-system: with this, all three hypothesis rungs are complete.
Imparfait vs Passé Composé
The pair that decides whether French past speech sounds native. Both are "past tense" in English, so the choice is invisible to a translator — you pick by function, not by the English verb.
Plus-que-parfait
The "past before the past." Once imparfait and passé composé feel automatic, this is the tense that lets you step further back — to say what had already happened before the moment you're narrating. It's the missing third layer of French past narration.
Si-clauses (hypotheses)
The single structure that organizes every "if… then…" in French. There are exactly three patterns, locked by how real the hypothesis is. Get the pairing right and conditionnel/imparfait/PQP all snap into place at once.